Händel composed the biblical oratorio Solomon in 1748, it premiered the next year. Where in his earlier career he composed in the Italian fashion, in the 40s he created and wrote the English oratorio. The difference between these two lies in the structure: more chorals essentially. Händel represented a veritable factory for them, chunking out one per year, to great success.
Solomon is a selection of stories about the biblical king Solomon, the wise. Perhaps the most famous of these is the Judgement of Solomon. Two women claim to be mother of the same child, and they come to the king to settle the matter. Okay he says, then we split the baby, and each of you gets one half. Upon which the real mother gave up her claim, not wanting to see the it die. Knowing the truth now, it was easy to decide where the (whole) baby should go.
A “sinfonia”, an orchestral interlude in the oratorium is many times presented separately. For most people this willl be the only piece of the whole work they know. It originally had no name, but when he recorded it in the 30s conductor Sir Thomas Beecham called it The arrival of the Queen of Sheba. If the name doesn’t ring a bell, listen to it here and see if you recognize it.